Neurofeedback

Neurofeedback is computer-assisted brain training. Small EEG sensors placed on your scalp read your brain waves in real time, and a computer translates this information into a game or video — for example, a film that plays more smoothly when your brain produces a steadier, more organised pattern.

With repeated practice, your brain learns on its own how to reach and hold healthier patterns. No electricity enters the brain; the process relies entirely on natural feedback.

Neurofeedback is the clinical application of neurophysiological operant conditioning. EEG signals (typically 2–4 channels in the 10-20 system) are acquired in real time, filtered for the target frequency band, and spectral power is calculated every 50–100 ms. A reward signal (visual/auditory) is delivered continuously whenever target-band amplitude falls within the protocol-defined threshold.

Common protocols include: alpha enhancement (8–12 Hz) for relaxation and focus; SMR (sensorimotor rhythm, 12–15 Hz) reinforcement for motor regulation; theta inhibition (4–8 Hz) with concurrent low-beta enhancement (15–18 Hz) for attention disorders. Functional connectivity changes are confirmed via pre-post QEEG for objective progress documentation.